International trade has a significant impact on the economies of developing countries. Economic sectors, employment and social welfare are affected by involvement in global trade. Developing countries tend to rely on exports of primary products such as agriculture, minerals and natural resources. This has the potential to increase national income, although it also has challenges that must be faced. One of the positive aspects of international trade is access to wider markets. Developing countries can introduce their products to global consumers, which not only increases sales volumes but also revenues from export taxes. For example, countries such as Brazil and Indonesia have succeeded in increasing their income through exports of palm oil and soybeans. This success can encourage foreign investment, because business people are attracted by the potential for high profits. However, international trade also brings challenges, especially in terms of dependence on external markets. When commodity price fluctuations occur, these countries face significant economic risks. For example, falling coffee prices could result in plummeting incomes for farmers in countries like Ethiopia, who depend on coffee exports for their livelihoods. On the other hand, developing countries are often trapped in the position of ‘exporting raw materials’ without being able to process them into value-added products. This results in the loss of potential greater profits. International trade also influences domestic economic policy. Developing countries may feel forced to adopt trade liberalization policies that could limit protection of local industries. This could result in losses for domestic producers who cannot compete with imported products. A clear example occurs in the textile industry, where many developing countries face stiff competition from developed countries. Global economic integration can also increase the transfer of technology and knowledge. Through international cooperation, companies from developing countries have the opportunity to adopt new technologies from their trading partners. This can improve production efficiency and product quality. For example, cooperative programs between foreign technology companies and local manufacturers in countries such as Vietnam and India have encouraged innovation. Apart from the economic aspect, international trade contributes to the social aspect. By increasing employment opportunities from the export sector, poverty levels can be reduced. However, it is important to ensure that the work produced offers fair wages and good working conditions. Otherwise, social discontent may arise, which could be detrimental to the country’s stability. Environmental impacts are also a concern in the context of international trade. The expansion of industry to meet global market demands often leads to overexploitation of natural resources. Deforestation to expand agricultural land and pollution from industry can threaten sustainability. Therefore, it is important for developing countries to implement policies that pay attention to environmental sustainability. International trade is a tool to encourage economic growth in developing countries, but it also creates complex challenges. It is important for the government to design balanced policies, which not only support economic growth, but also protect local industry, improve people’s quality of life, and protect the environment. As developing countries negotiate in the context of international trade, a strategic and integrated approach is essential to ensure that the benefits of trade can be felt by all levels of society.